Microstructure and Optical Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered NbN Thin Films

Some fundamental studies on the preparation, structure and optical properties of NbN films were carried out. NbN thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different N2 partial pressures and different substrate temperatures ranging from –50 ℃ to 600 ℃. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize their phase com- ponents, microstructures, grain sizes and surface morphology. Optical properties inclusive of refractive indexes, extinction coefficients and transmittance of the NbN films under different sputtering conditions were measured. With the increase in the N2 partial pressure, δ-NbN phase structure gets forming and the grain size and lattice constant of the cubic NbN increasing. The deposited NbN film has relatively high values of refractive index and extinction coefficient in the wavelength ranging from 240 nm to 830 nm. Substrate tem- perature exerts notable influences on the microstructure and optical transmittance of the NbN films. The grain sizes of the δ-NbN film remarkably increase with the rise of the substrate temperature, while the transmittance of the films with the same thickness decreases. Ultra-fine granular film with particle size of several nanometers forms when the substrate is cooled to –50 ℃, and a remarkable aug- mentation of transmittance could be noticed under so low a temperature.     

Al-0.27Zr-0.064B实验合金的设计、熔炼及其变形特征

为研究等截面通道角形挤压过程中超细晶粒结构形成的机理及晶界变化过程 ,专门设计并熔铸了含微量Zr和B元素的Al 0 .2 7wt %Zr 0 .0 6 4wt%B合金 ,合金晶界上分布有大量的B2 Zr细小化合物颗粒 ,晶内几乎没有B2 Zr粒子。通过室温轧制、热锻以及随后的退火实验表明 ,B2 Zr具有很高稳定性 ,且再结晶后B2 Zr仍位于原变形后的位置 ,不随退火再结晶时新形成晶界的迁移而迁移 ,证明该合金可用于塑性变形时晶粒变形细化及晶界变化过程的研究     

A NEW EXPRESSION OF FATIGUE SIZE FACTOR

ＡＮＥＷＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＦＡＴＩＧＵＥＳＩＺＥＦＡＣＴＯＲ￥ＹａｏＷｅｉｘｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｉｒｃｒａｆｔＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＮＵＡＡ２９ＹｕｄａｏＳｔｒｅｅｔ，Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ２１００１６，Ｐ．Ｒ．Ｃｈｉｎａ）Ａｂｓｔｒａ...     

用PDA测量两相湍流流场时固体粒子的选择

激光法测量两相流是近年来开发的一项新技术，测量过程中需要存在合适的粒子。本文研究了用三维粒子动态分析仪（ＰＤＡ）测量气固两相湍流流场时固体粒子的选择问题。试验过程中，运用几种不同的粒子作为煤粉粒子的模拟粒子进行测量和比较，结果表明：（１）粒子的特性参数是影响测量精度的重要因素之一；（２）测最气固两相湍流流场中粒子的运动特征时，应尽可能选择形状较规则、折射率大、尺寸分布合理、不易粘结且易于收集同时接近所要模拟的粒子性能的固体粒子，必要的时侯应结合粒子性能对测量结果进行修正．     

全样本场合几何分布产品步进应力加速寿命试验TFR模型下的统计分析

本文首次将步加试验中的损伤失效率模型应用于离散型寿命分布场合,给出了TFR模型几何分布产品全样本场合多步步加试验下参数的极大似然估计。并通过一例子来说明方法的可行性。     

补片尺寸对复合材料胶接修理性能的影响

在复合材料胶接修补中，补片的尺寸对胶接强度的影响非常关键。本文针对单面胶接修理结构建立了“三板模型”，并且，通过试验来验证该有限元模型的正确性，然后，利用该模型来分析补片尺寸对胶接质量的影响。对计算结果的分析发现：补片的直径为孔直径的2—3倍，厚度为孔深的45％～60％时，修补结构的强度恢复能达到最大值。     

刮削作用对涡轮转子机匣通道涡形成的影响

采用数值方法求解耦合剪切应力输运(SST)湍流模型的雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程组,研究了不同间隙尺寸下GE-E3高压涡轮第一级转子内刮削作用对机匣通道涡形成和发展的影响。通过与轮毂通道涡结构的对比,发现机匣通道涡层次结构与经典二次流理论存在明显的差异,并对该差异形成的原因进行了深入探索。结果表明:叶顶对机匣边界层的刮削作用在机匣通道涡的形成过程中占主导作用,刮削作用使得流向叶片吸力面的来流机匣边界层在交汇点区域从内层向外层卷起,形成层次结构相反的机匣通道涡;叶顶浸入比值是影响转子机匣通道涡形成的重要参数,随着比值的增大,机匣通道涡损失先增大后减小;只有在间隙尺寸较大情况下,叶尖间隙的"抽吸作用"才能抑制机匣通道涡的发展。     

Periodic atomization characteristics of an impinging jet injector element modulated by Klystron effect

An experimental study on the Klystron effect of periodic injection modulated by pressure drop fluctuations on subsequent atomization is conducted. Time-resolved atomization backlit images and atomization Mie scatter images are captured by using the high speed camera. It is found that periodicity of forced atomization relies on pressure drop fluctuation amplitude and phase differences between atomization and pressure drop fluctuations relate to fluctuation frequencies. This feature of periodic atomization induced by Klystron effect corresponds to periodicities and high amplitudes of pressure fluctuations in unstable combustion chambers and chaos and low amplitudes of pressure fluctuations in stable combustions chambers. Drastically periodic varying of gross surface area of droplets with time was shown in Mie scatter images. The importance of periodic impinging jet atomization modulated by pressure drop fluctuations for acoustic liquid propellant combustion instabilities is illustrated.     

Digital fixed-frequency hysteresis current control of a BLDC motor applied for aerospace electrically powered actuators

In the conventional cascade control structure of aerospace electrically powered actuators, the current (or electromagnetic torque) loop plays a critical role in realizing a rapid response for a digitally controlled BrushLess Direct Current (BLDC) motor. Hysteresis Current Control (HCC) is an effective method in improving the performance of current control for a BLDC motor. Nevertheless, the varying modulating frequency in the traditional HCC causes severe problems on the safety of power devices and the electromagnetic compatibility design. A triangular carrier-based fixed-frequency HCC strategy is expanded by relaxing the constraints on the rising and descending rates of the winding current to advance the capability of HCC to realize fixed-frequency modulation in the steady state. Based on that, a new flexible-bound-size quasi-fixed-frequency HCC is proposed, and the range feasible to realize fixed-frequency modulation control can cover the entire running process in the steady state. Meanwhile, a corresponding digital control strategy is designed, and four digitalization rules are proposed to extend the capacity to achieve fixed-frequency modulation control to the unsteady working state, that is, a novel fixed-frequency modulation is realized. Simulation and experimental results prove the effectiveness of this improved fixed-frequency HCC strategy.     

基于OPTISTRUCT平台的某飞机摇臂结构优化设计

结构优化设计是将结构重量、结构强度和材料布局等进行最优统筹规划的手段。该文基于Altair Optistruct软件平台,针对一种常见的飞机襟翼摇臂结构,首先,使用拓扑优化方法获得摇臂的初步结构形式;其次,通过尺寸优化方法得到摇臂结构的大致尺寸;最后,综合考虑强度、刚度、加工工艺及材料利用率等因素,确定出优化后的摇臂结构。